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St. Maria im Kapitol
St. Maria im Kapitol (St. Mary's in the Capitol) is an 11th-century Romanesque church located in the Kapitol-Viertel in the old town of Cologne, Germany. The Roman Catholic church is based on the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem, was dedicated to St. Mary and built between 1040 and 1065.〔Fletcher, Sir Bannister. A History of Architecture. Dan Cruickshank, 1996, p. 379. at ()〕 It is one of twelve Romanesque churches built in Cologne during this period.〔(Sacred Destinations: ), ''The Twelve Romanesque Churches of Cologne'' (accessed 2011-04-17)〕
Measuring 100 m x 40 m and encompassing 4,000 square metres of internal space, St. Maria is the largest of the Romanesque churches in Cologne. Like many of the latter, it has an east end which is trefoil in shape, with three apses. It has a nave and aisles and three towers to the west. It is considered the most important work of German church architecture of the Salian dynasty.〔(St. Maria im Kapitol ) at Förderverein Romanische Kirchen Köln e.V.〕
== History ==
Maria im Kapitol is said to have been built by Plectrudis, wife of Pippin in the 8th century.〔Frommer's Germany 2011. Darwin Porter, Danforth Prince, 2011, p. 539. at ()〕 Both the foundations of a Roman temple from the late 1st century AD,〔(Kapitolstempel ) of Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium, Univ. of Cologne Institute for Archaeology〕 dedicated to the Capitoline Triad, and of a previous church from the year 690 AD can be visited in the church's crypt.
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